An Integration of Augmented Reality in Structural Health Monitoring Workflow: Installation and Training

Abstract

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has emerged as the most economical and efficient approach for maintaining large structures. A reliable SHM system assesses the structural condition by leveraging Industry 4.0 technologies. Advancements in smart sensor technology have made it feasible to monitor anomalies at hard-to-reach areas and along with a reliable wireless network, facilitated by the Internet of Things (IoT). This advancement is important as it eliminates the need for disassembly during inspections, thereby reducing time, effort, and costs. For a large-scale implementation of SHM however, one of the critical factors to consider is the installation process of the sensors itself. Say, in the case of installing hundreds of sensors on an aircraft panel or instrumenting an operating wind turbine blade or installing sensors on a busy bridge (traffic or rail), having a structured installation protocol with minimal loopholes is critical to ensure limited delays and non-conformities. Some of the challenges faced by sensor installers when instrumenting a large-scale (several sq.m area) include, a. comprehending complex structural drawings accurately and then marking the sensor positions on the structure. b. lack of standard working procedures. c. precision errors as a result of fatigue (repeated evaluation of sensor position from 2D drawings and manually correlating the same with a 3D structure) and adverse weather conditions (in the case of outdoor installation) that may add to any of the points mentioned previously. In order to overcome the challenges and to streamline the installation processes, we propose a novel workflow using Augmented Reality (AR) to guide and support installers, trainers and supervisors. The workflow is envisioned to guide installers with these complex installations and provide them the tools to visualize sensor positions, access installation guidebooks or relevant documents, report non-conformities and record pictures and videos post-installation, all hands-free. In addition to installation support, such a workflow aims to empower trainers and supervisors to access and support their installation team remotely in case of a need. We believe such a tool would enhance efficiency, reduce human errors and optimize the overall time needed for sensor installation.