Role of Dispersion Model in Predicting Spatial Distribution of Fragmentation Warhead

Abstract

Pre-formed fragmentation warheads are deployed to neutralize soft skin target. On detonation, fragments travel at high velocity and impact on target. Fragment spatial distribution depends on its velocity, direction and dispersion. One dimensional models of Gurney and Taylor (1940s) predict fragment velocity and direction, respectively. Dispersion in fragment direction is assumed to follow normal distribution. These models are modified independently over a period of time for catering two dimensional (edge) effects for better predictions of fragment spatial distribution. The paper presents, the comparative analysis of these models (with and without edge effects) for a warhead with a contour made in three sections - cylindrical, ogive and conical. Predictions are compared with the recorded fragment spatial distribution in test arena. It is observed that fragments disperse less at central portion of warhead. The set of equations catering edge effects predicts reasonable fragment spatial distribution with standard deviation of 3ï‚°.